FEATHER-CHARGER-MICROPYTHON-ESP8266-EN

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Pre-requisites

Note: This page also exists in French

Before using MicroPython on ESP8266, you will need to reflash the ESP8266 with the last version of the MicroPython firmware.

Here is a compact and afordable tutorial but you can also find the official instructions (micropython.org, english) to loads MicroPython on an ESP8266.

Firstly, you will need to install a Python environment. Previously, Python 2.7 was required but it should work with more recent 3.x version. If you are running under Windows, do not forget to add the PATH to the search path. Python is usually available out-of-the-box on Linux based machine.

Next, you will need to install the esptool.py software. It is used to send firmware to the ESP8266. A quick and easy is to use the pip (or pip3 for Python 3.x setups) Python Package Installer.

Key-in the following line into a terminal: 

pip install esptool

Note for Mac OSX & Linux: you may need to run this command as root with sudo for the software to be installed property: 

sudo pip install esptool

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Crédit: AdaFruit Industries www.adafruit.com

Tricky note from the past days:

If pip informs you that esptool.py doesn't work with Python x.x then you may also try to install it with the pip2 command instead of regular pip (if Python 3.x is the default interpreter then the pip command should be link to pip3... this may be confusing and leading to strange situation). It should no more exists in 2021.

Download MicroPython

Next, download the last binary version of the MicroPython firmware for ESP8266. Such are also compiled everyday from the GitHub souce code but we do not recommend to use them unless you know what you are doing.

The following screen capture shows the list of links, we just click on the most recent version to download it on the computer.

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Crédit: AdaFruit Industries www.adafruit.com

Wiring + activates Flash mode on ESP8266

Now, we need to wire our ESP8266 on a computer and make it ready to receive the new firmware (called "Flash" mode).

Some board do already have USB connector, some not.

Some board do automagically start the flash mode, some not.

Here are the "Wiring + Flash mode" operation for many of the ESP8266 plateforms.

Common use case

You have a RAW ESP8266 without serial-to-usb interface. In most common-case, they offer a FTDI pin-out to attach a FTDI Friend (an USB-to-Serial adapter).

ESP8266-HUZZA.png

  • for the raw ESP8266 or NodeMCU Lolin you will need to wire the GPIO0 to the GROUND with a push-button THEN do the same with the RESET line.
  • Maintain the GPIO0 button down (to connect it to the Ground) THEN press and release the RESET button (while still maintaining GPIO0).
  • AFTER release the GPIO0 button. => you just activated the Flash mode.

On some board like breakout HUZZAH ESP8266 the GPIO0 and RESET button are already available on the board. This will ease the operation.

Feather HUZZAH ESP8266, Wemos D1

Such module can automatically start the Flash mode thank to an hardware trick.

That will avoids additionnal handling to start the Flash mode.

FEATHER-ESP8266-02.jpg Wemos-D1-Mini-ESP8266.jpg

The Feather HUZZAH ESP8266, Wemos D1 Mini, Wemos D1 Pro detects when the serial line is opened and automatically reset and start the Flash mode.

You just need to send the firmware to the ESP8266 module, it will be automagically programmed.

  • On Windows: you will have to install the CP210x SiLabs driver to make the Serial-to-USB available on the board.
    For Windows, it will be necessary to install the standard VCP driver (normal VCP driver), do not select the driver with Serial Enumeration (it will not work).
  • On MacOS X: the driver should already be supported.
  • On Linux: no driver needed, it work out of the box.
 The Wemos ESP8266 do use another Serial-to-USB chip based on CH340D. You will need to install the appropriate driver on Windows/Mac.

ESP8266-DEV (only)

You can flash a ESP8266-DEV module by using a console cable (USB-Série-TTL) using 3V logic for RX/TX .

Here how to wire the board.

OLI-ESP8266-DEV-Wiring.jpg

To activates the Flash Mode on the ESP8266-DEV (from Olimex):

  • Press the GPIO 0 button (the small user button on the board is wired to GPIO 0)
  • Then power-up the module.
  • Release the GPIO 0 button.

Voila, the ESP8266-DEV is set to Flash mode.

ESP8266-EVB (evaluation board)

OLI-ESP8266-EVB.jpg

To activate the Flash Mode on the ESP8266-EVB (Evaluation Board from Olimex) (using a ESP8266-DEV):

  • Presse the USER button on the board (this button is wired to the small push-button on the ESP8266-EVB, himself wired to the GPIO 0)
  • Plug the power cord on the evaluation board (5V max)
  • Then release the GPIO 0 button.

Please note that ESP8266-EVB and ESP8266-DEV do not have USB-to-Serial converter, you will have to use a console cable (USB-Série-TTL) to communicates with the ESP8266 board.

UEXT-SERIAL-wiring2.jpg UEXT-SERIAL-wiring.jpg

Erase the Flash

It is recommanded to completely erase the Flash memory of the ESP8266 board before to download the new FirmWare onto it. Execute the following code inside a terminal: 

esptool.py --port /path/to/ESP8266 erase_flash

Where /path/to/ESP8266 is the path to the serial port attached on the ESP8266. The exact name of the peripheral depend of the USB-to-Serial converter used. List down the serial port before to connext you ESP module then repeat the operation with the serial port connected. The new port appearing is the one corresponding to the ESP8266.

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Crédit: AdaFruit Industries www.adafruit.com

Flashing MicroPython on ESP8266

ESP8266 from Adafruit Industries

For the breakout HUZZAH ESP8266 and the Feather HUZZAH ESP8266 + FTDI Friend:

FEATHER-ESP8266-02.jpg ESP8266-HUZZA.png

Place our ESP8266 in "mode Flashage" and execute the following command to load the firmware (already downloaded): 

esptool.py --port /chemin/vers/ESP8266 --baud 115200 write_flash --flash_size=detect -fm dio 0 firmware.bin
Since EspTool V1.3, you can use either 2.7 or Python 3.5. From EspTool version 2.x, you can use the option --flash_size=detect to avoir error on flash size.

Once again, /path/to/ESP8266 is the path (identification) of the serial port connected to the ESP8266. Remplace firmware.bin with the real name (and access path) to the firmware file to upload to the ESP8266.


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Crédit: AdaFruit Industries www.adafruit.com

ESP8266 WEMOS D1 Mini

The Wemos D1 do have 4MB of Flash as many of ESP8266 available on the market.

Wemos-D1-Mini-ESP8266.jpg

Execute le following command to load the MicroPython firmware (already downloaded on the computer): 

 esptool.py --port /chemin/vers/ESP8266 --baud 115200 write_flash --flash_size=detect -fm dio 0 firmware.bin

ESP8266 WEMOS D1 PRO

The Wemos D1 Pro do have 16MB of Flash, the command to execute:

Wemos-D1-Pro-Mini-ESP8266.jpg

Execute the following command to upload the MicroPython firmware: 

esptool.py --port /chemin/vers/ESP8266 --baud 115200 write_flash --fm dio --fs=32m 0 firmware.bin
This module is fitted with 16MB but we have to stipulate a Flash Size of 32m ! Flasher the module with 16m Flash Size did creates an unstable situation where the ESP8266 doesn't reboot.

ESP8266-EVB & ESP8266-DEV

For the ESP8266-EVB evaluation board and the ESP8266-DEV development board like following:

OLI-ESP8266-EVB.jpg OLI-ESP8266-DEV.jpg

Please execute the following command to upload the MicroPython firmware (previously downloaded): 

 esptool.py --port /chemin/vers/ESP8266 --baud 115200 write_flash --flash_size=detect -fm dio 0 firmware.bin

Do power cycle the plateform to properly restart the microcontroler.

After Flash operation

Press tge RESET when available or power cycle the board.

Voila, you just have you MicroPython firmware running on your ESP!

You can now establish a serial REPL with a software like Putty (Freeware, running on Linux, Windows, Mac).

When started, just write mention the path to serial device attached to the ESP8266.


FEATHER-CHARGER-MICROPYTHON-ESP8266-EN-10.jpg


FEATHER-CHARGER-MICROPYTHON-ESP8266-EN-11.jpg

Ressources

Error message

J'ai le message d'erreur "read failed: device reports readiness to read but returned no data (device disconnected or multiple access on port?" !

Nous avons rencontré ce problème lorsque le câble console était branché sur un HUB USB externe. Essayez de brancher le câble console directement sur l'ESP8266.

EspTool Upgrade

Les firmwares récents nécessitent une version récente d'EspTool pour être flasher l'ESP8266.

Pour notre grand malheur, nous avons essayé de flasher un firmware 1.8.x avec un EspTool 1.0.1. Inutile de dire que nous n'avons plus grand chose de fonctionnel sur notre ESP8266 !

Un upgrade d'EspTool à la version la plus récente (2.0.1 en l’occurrence, voir ici sur pypi.python.org) à résolu notre problème grâce à l'option --flash_size=detect

Pour forcer la mise-à-jour d'EspTool à une version donnée, il faut saisir: 

sudo apt-get install esptool==2.0.1

More information

Voyez la page "MicroPython ESP8266 tutorial - deploying".

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