Bluefruit-LE-Shield-BLE-GATT

GATT BLE

GATT, which standards for the Generic ATTribute Profile, governs data organization and data exchanges between connected devices. One device (the peripheral) acts as a GATT Server, which stores data in Attribute records, and the second device in the connection (the central) acts as a GATT Client, requesting data from the server whenever necessary.

The following commands can be used to create custom GATT services and characteristics on the BLEFriend, which are used to store and exchange data.

Please note that any characteristics that you define here will automatically be saved to non-volatile FLASH config memory on the device and re-initialised the next time the device starts.

Limitations de GATT

The commands below have the following limitations due to SRAM and resource availability, which should be kept in mind when creating or working with customer GATT services and characteristics.

These values apply to firmware 0.7.0 and higher:

• Maximum number of services: 10
• Maximum number of characteristics: 30
• Maximum buffer size for each characteristic: 32 bytes
• Maximum number of CCCDs: 16

If you want to clear any previous config value, enter the AT+FACTORYRESET command before working on a new peripheral configuration.

AT+GATTCLEAR

Clears any custom GATT services and characteristics that have been defined on the device.

• Codebase Revision: 0.3.0
• Parameters: None
• Response: None

AT+GATTCLEAR
OK

AT+GATTADDSERVICE

Adds a new custom service definition to the device.

• Codebase Revision: 0.3.0
• Parameters: This command accepts a set of comma-separated key-value pairs that are used to define the service properties. The following key-value pairs can be used:
  • UUID: The 16-bit UUID to use for this service. 16-bit values should be in hexadecimal format (0x1234).
  • UUID128: The 128-bit UUID to use for this service. 128-bit values should be in the following format: 00-11-22-33-44-55-66-77-88-99-AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF
• Réponse: The index value of the service in the custom GATT service lookup table. (It's important to keep track of these index values to work with the service later.)

# Clear any previous custom services/characteristics
AT+GATTCLEAR
OK

# Add a battery service (UUID = 0x180F) to the peripheral
AT+GATTADDSERVICE=UUID=0x180F
1
OK
  
# Add a battery measurement characteristic (UUID = 0x2A19), notify enabled
AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID=0x2A19,PROPERTIES=0x10,MIN_LEN=1,VALUE=100
1
OK

# Clear any previous custom services/characteristics
AT+GATTCLEAR
OK

# Add a custom service to the peripheral
AT+GATTADDSERVICE=UUID128=00-11-00-11-44-55-66-77-88-99-AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF
1
OK

# Add a custom characteristic to the above service (making sure that there
# is no conflict between the 16-bit UUID and bytes 3+4 of the 128-bit service UUID)
AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID=0x0002,PROPERTIES=0x02,MIN_LEN=1,VALUE=100
1
OK

AT+GATTADDCHAR

Adds a custom characteristic to the last service that was added to the peripheral (via AT+GATTADDSERVICE).

• Codebase Revision : 0.3.0
• Parameters : This command accepts a set of comma-separated key-value pairs that are used to define the characteristic properties. The following key-value pais can be used:
  • UUID : The 16-bit UUID to use for the characteristic (which will be insert in the 3rd and 4th bytes of the parent services 128-bit UUID). This value should be entered in hexadecimal format (ex. 'UUID=0x1234'). This value must be unique, and should not conflict with bytes 3+4 of the parent service's 128-bit UUID.
  • PROPERTIES : The 8-bit characteristic properties field, as defined by the Bluetooth SIG. The following values can be used:
    • 0x02 - Read
    • 0x04 - Write Without Response
    • 0x08 - Write
    • 0x10 - Notify
    • 0x20 - Indicate
  • MIN_LEN : The minimum size of the values for this characteristic (in bytes, min = 1, max = 20, default = 1)
  • MAX_LEN : The maximum size of the values for the characteristic (in bytes, min = 1, max = 20, default = 1)
  • VALUE : The initial value to assign to this characteristic (within the limits of 'MIN_LEN' and 'MAX_LEN'). Value can be an integer ("-100", "27"), a hexadecimal value ("0xABCD"), a byte array ("aa-bb-cc-dd") or a string ("GATT!").
  • >=0.7.0 - DATATYPE : This argument indicates the data type stored in the characteristic, and is used to help parse data properly. It can be one of the following values:
    • AUTO (0, default)
    • STRING (1)
    • BYTEARRAY (2)
    • INTEGER (3)
  • >=0.7.0 - DESCRIPTION: Adds the specified string as the characteristic description entry
  • >=0.7.0 - PRESENTATION: Adds the specified value as the characteristic presentation format entry
• Response: The index value of the characteristic in the custom GATT characteristic lookup table. (It's important to keep track of these characteristic index values to work with the characteristic later.)

# Clear any previous custom services/characteristics
AT+GATTCLEAR
OK

# Add a battery service (UUID = 0x180F) to the peripheral
AT+GATTADDSERVICE=UUID=0x180F
1
OK
  
# Add a battery measurement characteristic (UUID = 0x2A19), notify enabled
AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID=0x2A19,PROPERTIES=0x10,MIN_LEN=1,VALUE=100
1
OK

# Clear any previous custom services/characteristics
AT+GATTCLEAR
OK

# Add a custom service to the peripheral
AT+GATTADDSERVICE=UUID128=00-11-00-11-44-55-66-77-88-99-AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF
1
OK

# Add a custom characteristic to the above service (making sure that there
# is no conflict between the 16-bit UUID and bytes 3+4 of the 128-bit service UUID)
AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID=0x0002,PROPERTIES=0x02,MIN_LEN=1,VALUE=100
1
OK

Version 0.6.6 of the Bluefruit LE firmware added the ability to use a new "UUID128" flag to add custom 128-bit UUIDs that aren't related to the parent service UUID (which is used when passing the 16-bit "UUID" flag).

To specify a 128-bit UUID for your customer characteristic, enter a value resembling the following syntax:

# Add a custom characteristic to the above service using a
# custom 128-bit UUID
AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID128=00-11-22-33-44-55-66-77-88-99-AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF,PROPERTIES=0x02,MIN_LEN=1,VALUE=100
1
OK

Version 0.7.0 of the Bluefruit LE firmware added the new DESCRIPTION and PRESENTATION keywoards, corresponding the the GATT Characteristic User Description and the GATT Characteristic Presentation Format Descriptors.

The DESCRIPTION field is a string that contains a short text description of the characteristic. Some apps may not display this data, but it should be visible using something like the Master Control Panel application from Nordic on iOS and Android.

The PRESENTATION field contains a 7-byte payload that encapsulates the characteristic presentation format data. It requires a specific set of bytes and values to work properly. See the following link for details on how to format the payload: https://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/descriptors/Pages/DescriptorViewer.aspx?u=org.bluetooth.descriptor.gatt.characteristic_presentation_format.xml

The following example shows how you might use both of these new fields:

AT+GATTADDCHAR=UUID=0x2A37, PROPERTIES=0x10, MIN_LEN=2, MAX_LEN=3, VALUE=00-40, 
               DESCRIPTION=HRM Measurement, PRESENTATION=17-00-AC-27-01-00-00

For the Characteristic Presentation Format we have:

• Format = IEEE-11073 32-bit FLOAT (Decimal 23, Hex 0x17)
• Exponent = 0/None
• Unit = Thermodynamic temperature: Degrees Fahrenheit (0x27AC) - Bluetooth LE Unit List
• Namespace = Bluetooth SIG Assigned Number (0x01)
• Description = None (0x0000)

The results from Nordic's Master Control Panel app can be seen below:

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Basé sur "Bluefruit LE Shield" d'Adafruit Industries, écrit par Kevin Townsend - Traduit en Français par shop.mchobby.be CC-BY-SA pour la traduction
Toute copie doit contenir ce crédit, lien vers cette page et la section "crédit de traduction".

Based on "Bluefruit LE Shield" from Adafruit Industries, written by Kevin Townsend - Translated to French by shop.mchobby.be CC-BY-SA for the translation
Copies must includes this credit, link to this page and the section "crédit de traduction" (translation credit).

Traduit avec l'autorisation d'AdaFruit Industries - Translated with the permission from Adafruit Industries - www.adafruit.com