PN532-RFID-NFC-FAQ

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Puis-je avoir plusieurs shield sur un Arduino?

Non, la bibliothèque I2C peut uniquement utiliser une adresse par bus I2C et cette adresse n'est pas adjustable! Par conséquent, seul un shield NFC peut être utilisé par Arduino!

Puis-je lire et écrire des tags Mifare avec le PN532 et la bibliothèque Adafruit?

Absolument! La bibliothèque Adafruit inclus les fonctions d'authentification (authenticate), lecture et écriture de bloc individuel sur les cartes Mifare Classic.

Il faut s'authentifier avec la clé appropriée avant de lire ou écrire un block, et une fois authentifié auprès d'un bloc, vous pouvez lire et écrire le contenu)!

Par exemple, les fonctions clés dans la bibliothèque I2C d'Adafruit (bibliothèque développée pour le shield NFC d'Adafruit puisqu'il fonctionne en I2C par défaut) sont:

uint8_t mifareclassic_AuthenticateBlock (uint8_t * uid, uint8_t uidLen,
                                         uint32_t blockNumber, uint8_t keyNumber,
                                         uint8_t * keyData);
uint8_t mifareclassic_ReadDataBlock (uint8_t blockNumber, uint8_t * data);
uint8_t mifareclassic_WriteDataBlock (uint8_t blockNumber, uint8_t * data);

C'est tout ce dont vous avez besoin pour commencer à lire et écrire vos données... et vous pouvez vérifier vos données en utilisant l'une des nombreuses applications Android qui sont capable de fonctionner avec les cartes Mifare (une recherche sur "nfc" vous proposera plein d'application).

Quel est le niveau de support NDEF est inclus dans la bibliothèque?

Pour l'instant, toutes les fonctionnalités NDEF] restent incomplètes et expérimental. Seul un code de test de base à été écrit pour formater une carte destinée à recevoir des messages NDEF de sorte que de nombreux téléphone Android supportant NFC soient capable de les interpréter. Ce programme de formatage est une façon simple mais très efficace pour réaliser une démonstration de faisabilité (proof of concept'.

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We would like to improve NDEF support for Mifare tags in the near future and some initial planning has gone into this, but at the moment our suggestion is to stick to plain text and 'vanilla' Mifare Classic reads and writes. You can read and write Mifare Classic and Mifare Ultralight blocks from Android, and you don't need to used the more complicated NDEF standard to simply pass data back and forth via a Mifare Classic or Ultralight card.

Does the PN532 support peer to peer communication to talk with my smartphone?

Yes, the PN532 supports peer to peer communication, but the SW support for this isn't implemented in the Adafruit libraries.

Peer to peer communication with Android is possible, for example, but the actual implementation is quite complicated on the PN532 side. You need to go through a lot of SW layers to communicate with Android in a way that it understands -- it would require developing a full NDEF stack for the messages, SNEP and LLCP stacks, etc. -- which is unfortunately well beyond the scope of what we can offer on a development board at this price point.

All of the HW requirements for this are met with the Adafruit shield and breakout board, but the stack implementation is non trivial and would require us to charge a significant premium for these boards if we implemented this.

We've focused our energy on providing a reliable, proven, properly-tuned HW reference, and enough of a SW building block to get everyone started, but there are too many holes to fill in to cover everything NFC can do with a development board at this price point.

For an example of communicating with a phone via NFC, though, have a look at "Talking With Your Arduino via NFC on Blackberry" which uses the Adafruit NFC Shield. The SW layers required for NFC-based P2P communication with a Blackberry device are apparently much lower than on Android.

Does the PN532 support tag emulation?

Yes, but in reality it's impossible to implement since it requires an external 'secure element' that is very difficult to source (under export control and general NDA from the few manufacturers of them). If you can get one we'd love to see it, though!

Can the PN532 read Tag-It tags from TI?

No. The PN532 is designed to be used with ISO14443 tags, with Mifare Classic probably the most common general-purpose tag type in use. For more information on supported tags see http://www.libnfc.org/documentation/hardware/tags/iso14443 or search for information on the common Mifare tag family based on ISO1443A.

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Source: PN532 RFID/NFC Breakout and Shield créé par LadyAda pour AdaFruit Industries. Crédit [www.adafruit.com AdaFruit Industries]

Traduit par Meurisse D. pour MCHobby.be

Traduit avec l'autorisation d'AdaFruit Industries - Translated with the permission from Adafruit Industries - www.adafruit.com

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Can I set a delay calling readPassiveTargetID()?

Note: This question only applies to the I2C Library. The SPI library doesn't handle the timing the same way.

readPassiveTargetID() intentionally waits around in a blocking delay until a card enters the magnetic field. The reason for this blocking delay is to ensure a well-understood command/response flow. Once the magnetic field is activated and a read request is sent via readPassiveTargetID, you can keep sending new commands to the PN532, but the moment a card or tag enters the field, the PN532 will send a response to the initial read request, even if it's in the middle of some other response or activity. To avoid having to debug this in SW, a blocking delay was implemented to keep the command/response pattern as clear as possible.

As a workaround to this blocking-delay limitation, setPassiveActivationRetries(maxRetries) was added to the latest NFC libraries to allow you to set a specific timeout after read requests.

By default, the PN532 will wait forever for a card to enter the field. By specifying a fixed number of retries via MxRtyPassiveActivation (see UM section 7.3.1 describing the RFConfiguration register, specifically CfgItem 5) the PN532 will abort the read request after specified number of attempts, and you can safely send new commands without worrying about mixing up response frames. To wait forever, set MxRtyPassiveActivation to 0xFF. To timeout after a fixed number of retries, set MxRtyPassiveActivation to anything less than 0xFF.

Example Sketch:

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_NFCShield_I2C.h>

#define IRQ   (2)
#define RESET (3)  // Not connected by default on the NFC Shield

Adafruit_NFCShield_I2C nfc(IRQ, RESET);

void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("Hello!");

  nfc.begin();

  uint32_t versiondata = nfc.getFirmwareVersion();
  if (! versiondata) {
    Serial.print("Didn't find PN53x board");
    while (1); // halt
  }
  
  // Got ok data, print it out!
  Serial.print("Found chip PN5"); Serial.println((versiondata>>24) & 0xFF, HEX); 
  Serial.print("Firmware ver. "); Serial.print((versiondata>>16) & 0xFF, DEC); 
  Serial.print('.'); Serial.println((versiondata>>8) & 0xFF, DEC);
  
  // Set the max number of retry attempts to read from a card
  // This prevents us from waiting forever for a card, which is
  // the default behaviour of the PN532.
  nfc.setPassiveActivationRetries(0xFF);
  
  // configure board to read RFID tags
  nfc.SAMConfig();
    
  Serial.println("Waiting for an ISO14443A card");
}

void loop(void) {
  boolean success;
  uint8_t uid[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };  // Buffer to store the returned UID
  uint8_t uidLength;                        // Length of the UID (4 or 7 bytes depending on ISO14443A card type)
  
  // Wait for an ISO14443A type cards (Mifare, etc.).  When one is found
  // 'uid' will be populated with the UID, and uidLength will indicate
  // if the uid is 4 bytes (Mifare Classic) or 7 bytes (Mifare Ultralight)
  success = nfc.readPassiveTargetID(PN532_MIFARE_ISO14443A, &uid[0], &uidLength);
  
  if (success) {
    Serial.println("Found a card!");
    Serial.print("UID Length: ");Serial.print(uidLength, DEC);Serial.println(" bytes");
    Serial.print("UID Value: ");
    for (uint8_t i=0; i < uidLength; i++) 
    {
      Serial.print(" 0x");Serial.print(uid[i], HEX); 
    }
    Serial.println("");
    // Wait 1 second before continuing
    delay(1000);
  }
  else
  {
    // PN532 probably timed out waiting for a card
    Serial.println("Timed out waiting for a card");
  }
}

Hey wait ... isn't there something funny with the SVDD pin?

Indeed, good eye! Unfortunately, both v1.0 and v1.3 of the breakout boards have a problem on the schematic. SVDD is connected directly to VDD, but should be left floating since it is used to power secure modules. This has no effect on the functionality of the boards, but does cause some extra current to be drawn. It will be fixed on the next revision of the board, but if you require the use of the secure modules (rare), you can simply cut the trace to the left of C22, which is the cap connected to SVDD (just follow the trace straight up from pin 37).

Are there any special requirements to use the PN532 Breakout with the Due?

While the libraries do not officially support the Due yet, some customers have been able to get them working with some minor changes to the library.

We recommend using the I2C libraries with both the shield and the breakout boards since the I2C library represents the latest code from Adafruit, and the shield version should work without too much effort.

There is one caveat combining the breakout, I2C and the Due, though: The Due includes pullup resistors for I2C0 (SCL0 and SDA1), but there are no pullups resistors on SCL1 and SDA1. SCL1/SDA1 are the pins used as replacements for the Uno I2C pins (the pins used on standard shields), so you will need to add two 1.5K pullups on SCL1 and SDA1 to use the breakout board with I2C1 and the Due. Simply solder two 1.5K resistors, one from SCL1 to 3V3 and another from SDA1 to 3.3V, and then connect the board the same way you would with an Uno.

This issue only applies to the PN532 Breakout board since the PN532 shield includes I2C pullup resistors right on board.